When a scope has positional and keyword arguments on Ruby 3.0 or later, it raises ArgumentError.

scope :name_by, ->(name, deleted: false) {where(name: name, deleted: deleted)} 

This is due to a breaking change in the keyword argument in Ruby 3.0.

https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2019/12/12/separation-of-positional-and-keyword-arguments-in-ruby-3-0/